A Comprehensive Bibliometric Mapping of Carbon-Footprint Calculators: Methods, Applications, and Methodological Fragmentation (2007–2025)
Keywords:
Carbon Footprint, Carbon Calculator, Sustainability, Environmental Assessment, Bibliometric Analysis, VOSviewer
Abstract
The accurate interpretation of carbon-footprint measure is a key to the effective climate policy formulation, design of the sustainable production system, and the design of informed environmental decision-making. The current paper is an exploration of the methodological, technical, and applied aspects of the carbon-footprint calculators as a world-wide scholarly area based on the structural determinants of the system boundary, the variability of the emission factor, and the industrial or sector-specific modelling models and the socio-practical factors, which include the household behaviour, agricultural activities, and the use of the digital tools. Scopus was searched in which 124 publications, published between 2007 and 2025, were extracted and analyzed visually and by applying bibliometric methods through VOSviewer. Early review of research dynamics shows that the first phase of research (2007-2012) was followed by a velocity of growth and expansion of calculator tools (2013-2020) and then by a recent period of study (2021-2025) marked by methodological skepticism, digitalisation and integration of AI-enabled systems. The analysis of the author, country and keyword revealed that Europe and East Asia have the most contributions to the research, and the theme groups include household consumption modelling, AI-assisted agri-food infrastructures, and site-specific agricultural evaluation. Results indicate that despite the advancement of carbon-footprint calculators into highly complex decision support tools there exist considerable inconsistencies due to inconsistent methodological selection, data quality concerns, and differing assumptions on emission-factors. The new issues raise the need to have increased transparency, harmonisation, and interoperability to make policy more relevant and increase cross-study comparability. The research presents practical, methodological, and research implications to the stakeholders who want to enhance the efficacy and quality of carbon-accounting tools.
References
Adewale, C., Reganold, J. P., Higgins, S., Evans, R. D., & Carpenter-Boggs, L. (2019). Agricultural carbon footprint is farm specific. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.253
Adewale, C., Reganold, J. P., Higgins, S., Evans, R. D., & Carpenter-Boggs, L. (2019). Agricultural carbon footprint is farm specific: Case study of two organic farms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.253
Adewale, C., Reganold, J. P., Higgins, S., Evans, R. D., & Carpenter-Boggs, L. (2019). Agricultural carbon footprint is farm specific. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.253
Alexopoulos, C., Karelis, C., Keramidis, P., Orfanou, A., Lekkas, D. F., & Charalabidis, Y. (n.d.). Analysing the indicators and the associated recommendations of household emission calculators. https://doi.org/10.30955/gnc2023.00167
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-source carbon footprint estimator. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084315
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-Source Carbon Footprint Estimator: Development and University Declination. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13084315
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-Source Carbon Footprint Estimator: Development and University Declination. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13084315
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-source carbon footprint estimator: Development and university declination. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084315
Bowler, A., Rodgers, S., Meng, F., McKechnie, J., Cook, D. J., & Watson, N. J. (2023). Development of an open-source carbon footprint calculator. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140181
Bowler, A., Rodgers, S., Meng, F., McKechnie, J., Cook, D. J., & Watson, N. J. (2023). Development of an open-source carbon footprint calculator of the UK craft brewing value chain. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140181
Bowler, A., Rodgers, S., Meng, F., McKechnie, J., Cook, D. J., & Watson, N. J. (2023). Development of an open-source carbon footprint calculator of the UK craft brewing value chain. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140181
Brazil, W., & Caulfield, B. (2013). Does green make a difference: The potential role of smartphone technology in transport behaviour. Transportation Research Part C-Emerging Technologies, 37, 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRC.2013.09.016
Brazil, W., & Caulfield, B. (2013). Does green make a difference? The potential role of smartphone technology in transport behaviour. Transportation Research Part C, 37, 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2013.09.016
Büchs, M., Bahaj, A. S., Blunden, L., Bourikas, L., Falkingham, J., James, P., Kamanda, M., & Wu, Y. (2018). Promoting low carbon behaviours through personalised information? Long‑term evaluation of a carbon calculator interview. Energy Policy, 120, 284–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.05.030
Castaignède, L., Veny, F., Edwards, J., & Billat, V. (2021). The Carbon Footprint of Marathon Runners: Training and Racing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2769. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH18052769
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors that influence the quantification of the embodied carbon emission of prefabricated buildings: A systematic review, meta-analysis and the way forward. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors influencing embodied carbon quantification. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors That Influence the Quantification of the Embodied Carbon Emission of Prefabricated Buildings: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and the Way Forward. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors that influence the quantification of embodied carbon emissions. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H., & Wang, M. (2013). Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 6(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-51
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H., & Wang, M. (2013). Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 6(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-51
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H., & Wang, M. Q. (2013). Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 6, 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-51
Enlund, J., Andersson, D., & Carlsson, F. (2023). Individual Carbon Footprint Reduction: Evidence from Pro-environmental Users of a Carbon Calculator. Environmental and Resource Economics, 86, 433–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-023-00800-7
Enlund, J., Andersson, D., & Carlsson, F. (2023). Individual carbon footprint reduction. Environmental and Resource Economics, 86, 433–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-023-00800-7
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Agricultural climate change mitigation: Carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Agricultural climate change mitigation: carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Agricultural climate change mitigation: carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Jack, T., Bååth, J., Heinonen, J., & Gram-Hanssen, K. (2023). How individuals make sense of their climate impacts in the capitalocene: mixed methods insights from calculating carbon footprints. Sustainability Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01435-9
Jack, T., Bååth, J., Heinonen, J., & Gram-Hanssen, K. (2023). How individuals make sense of their climate impacts. Sustainability Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01435-9
Leip, A., Weiss, F., Wassenaar, T., Perez, I., Fellmann, T., Loudjani, P., … & Tubiello, F. N. (2014). Development of a farm-level carbon footprint calculator for the European Union. Journal of Environmental Management, 146, 121–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.029
Miehe, R., Scheumann, R., Jones, C. M., Kammen, D. M., & Finkbeiner, M. (2016). Regional carbon footprints of households: a German case study. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 18(2), 577–591. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10668-015-9649-7
Mulrow, J. S., Machaj, K., Deanes, J., & Derrible, S. (2019). The state of carbon footprint calculators: An evaluation of calculator design and user interaction features. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 18, 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.12.001
Olson, S. C., Heinonen, J., Ottelin, J., Czepkiewicz, M., & Árnadóttir, Á. (2024). The impact of low-carbon consumption options on carbon footprints in the Nordic region. Consumption and Society. https://doi.org/10.1332/27528499y2024d000000013
Pandey, D., Agrawal, M., & Pandey, J. S. (2011). Carbon footprint: Current methods of estimation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 178(1–4), 135–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1678-y
Pandey, D., Agrawal, M., & Pandey, J. S. (2011). Carbon footprint: Current methods of estimation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 178, 135–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1678-y
Russo, A., Escobedo, F. J., Timilsina, N., Schmitt, A. O., Varela, S., & Zerbe, S. (2014). Assessing urban tree carbon storage and sequestration in Bolzano, Italy. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystems Services & Management, 10(1), 54–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/21513732.2013.873822
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. Proceedings of the ICE – Bridge Engineering, 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/jbren.13.00025
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. Proceedings of the ICE – Bridge Engineering, 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/jbren.13.00025
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/JBREN.13.00025
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. Proceedings of the ICE – Bridge Engineering, 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/jbren.13.00025
Taheripour, F., Mueller, S., Emery, I., Karami, O., Sajedinia, E., Zhuang, Q., & Wang, M. Q. (2024). Biofuels induced land-use change emissions. Sustainability, 16(7), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072729
Taheripour, F., Mueller, S., Emery, I., Karami, O., Sajedinia, E., Zhuang, Q., & Wang, M. Q. (2024). Biofuels Induced Land Use Change Emissions: The Role of Implemented Land Use Emission Factors. Sustainability, 16(7), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072729
Taheripour, F., Mueller, S., Emery, I., Karami, O., Sajedinia, E., Zhuang, Q., & Wang, M. Q. (2024). Biofuels induced land-use change emissions. Sustainability, 16(7), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072729
Adewale, C., Reganold, J. P., Higgins, S., Evans, R. D., & Carpenter-Boggs, L. (2019). Agricultural carbon footprint is farm specific: Case study of two organic farms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.253
Adewale, C., Reganold, J. P., Higgins, S., Evans, R. D., & Carpenter-Boggs, L. (2019). Agricultural carbon footprint is farm specific. Journal of Cleaner Production, 229, 795–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.253
Alexopoulos, C., Karelis, C., Keramidis, P., Orfanou, A., Lekkas, D. F., & Charalabidis, Y. (n.d.). Analysing the indicators and the associated recommendations of household emission calculators. https://doi.org/10.30955/gnc2023.00167
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-source carbon footprint estimator. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084315
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-Source Carbon Footprint Estimator: Development and University Declination. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13084315
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-Source Carbon Footprint Estimator: Development and University Declination. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13084315
Auger, C., Hilloulin, B., Boisserie, B., Thomas, M., Guignard, Q., & Rozière, E. (2021). Open-source carbon footprint estimator: Development and university declination. Sustainability, 13(8), 4315. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084315
Bowler, A., Rodgers, S., Meng, F., McKechnie, J., Cook, D. J., & Watson, N. J. (2023). Development of an open-source carbon footprint calculator. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140181
Bowler, A., Rodgers, S., Meng, F., McKechnie, J., Cook, D. J., & Watson, N. J. (2023). Development of an open-source carbon footprint calculator of the UK craft brewing value chain. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140181
Bowler, A., Rodgers, S., Meng, F., McKechnie, J., Cook, D. J., & Watson, N. J. (2023). Development of an open-source carbon footprint calculator of the UK craft brewing value chain. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140181
Brazil, W., & Caulfield, B. (2013). Does green make a difference: The potential role of smartphone technology in transport behaviour. Transportation Research Part C-Emerging Technologies, 37, 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRC.2013.09.016
Brazil, W., & Caulfield, B. (2013). Does green make a difference? The potential role of smartphone technology in transport behaviour. Transportation Research Part C, 37, 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2013.09.016
Büchs, M., Bahaj, A. S., Blunden, L., Bourikas, L., Falkingham, J., James, P., Kamanda, M., & Wu, Y. (2018). Promoting low carbon behaviours through personalised information? Long‑term evaluation of a carbon calculator interview. Energy Policy, 120, 284–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.05.030
Castaignède, L., Veny, F., Edwards, J., & Billat, V. (2021). The Carbon Footprint of Marathon Runners: Training and Racing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2769. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH18052769
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors that influence the quantification of the embodied carbon emission of prefabricated buildings: A systematic review, meta-analysis and the way forward. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors influencing embodied carbon quantification. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors That Influence the Quantification of the Embodied Carbon Emission of Prefabricated Buildings: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and the Way Forward. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Feng, W., Fang, Y., & Feng, A. (2022). Factors that influence the quantification of embodied carbon emissions. Buildings, 12(8), 1265. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081265
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment for agriculture and forestry. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Colomb, V., Touchemoulin, O., Bockel, L., Chotte, J. L., Martin, S., Tinlot, M., & Bernoux, M. (2013). Selection of appropriate calculators for landscape-scale greenhouse gas assessment. Environmental Research Letters, 8(1), 015029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015029
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H., & Wang, M. (2013). Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 6(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-51
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H., & Wang, M. (2013). Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 6(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-51
Dunn, J. B., Mueller, S., Kwon, H., & Wang, M. Q. (2013). Land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions from corn and cellulosic ethanol. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 6, 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-6-51
Enlund, J., Andersson, D., & Carlsson, F. (2023). Individual Carbon Footprint Reduction: Evidence from Pro-environmental Users of a Carbon Calculator. Environmental and Resource Economics, 86, 433–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-023-00800-7
Enlund, J., Andersson, D., & Carlsson, F. (2023). Individual carbon footprint reduction. Environmental and Resource Economics, 86, 433–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-023-00800-7
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Agricultural climate change mitigation: Carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Agricultural climate change mitigation: carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Agricultural climate change mitigation: carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Green, A., Lewis, K., Tzilivakis, J., & Warner, D. (2017). Carbon calculators as a guide for decision making. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 15(6), 645–661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1398628
Jack, T., Bååth, J., Heinonen, J., & Gram-Hanssen, K. (2023). How individuals make sense of their climate impacts in the capitalocene: mixed methods insights from calculating carbon footprints. Sustainability Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01435-9
Jack, T., Bååth, J., Heinonen, J., & Gram-Hanssen, K. (2023). How individuals make sense of their climate impacts. Sustainability Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01435-9
Leip, A., Weiss, F., Wassenaar, T., Perez, I., Fellmann, T., Loudjani, P., … & Tubiello, F. N. (2014). Development of a farm-level carbon footprint calculator for the European Union. Journal of Environmental Management, 146, 121–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.029
Miehe, R., Scheumann, R., Jones, C. M., Kammen, D. M., & Finkbeiner, M. (2016). Regional carbon footprints of households: a German case study. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 18(2), 577–591. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10668-015-9649-7
Mulrow, J. S., Machaj, K., Deanes, J., & Derrible, S. (2019). The state of carbon footprint calculators: An evaluation of calculator design and user interaction features. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 18, 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.12.001
Olson, S. C., Heinonen, J., Ottelin, J., Czepkiewicz, M., & Árnadóttir, Á. (2024). The impact of low-carbon consumption options on carbon footprints in the Nordic region. Consumption and Society. https://doi.org/10.1332/27528499y2024d000000013
Pandey, D., Agrawal, M., & Pandey, J. S. (2011). Carbon footprint: Current methods of estimation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 178(1–4), 135–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1678-y
Pandey, D., Agrawal, M., & Pandey, J. S. (2011). Carbon footprint: Current methods of estimation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 178, 135–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1678-y
Russo, A., Escobedo, F. J., Timilsina, N., Schmitt, A. O., Varela, S., & Zerbe, S. (2014). Assessing urban tree carbon storage and sequestration in Bolzano, Italy. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystems Services & Management, 10(1), 54–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/21513732.2013.873822
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. Proceedings of the ICE – Bridge Engineering, 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/jbren.13.00025
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. Proceedings of the ICE – Bridge Engineering, 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/jbren.13.00025
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/JBREN.13.00025
Smith, D. A., Spencer, P. C., Dolling, C., & Hendy, C. R. (2014). Carbon calculator design tool for bridges. Proceedings of the ICE – Bridge Engineering, 168(3), 232–244. https://doi.org/10.1680/jbren.13.00025
Taheripour, F., Mueller, S., Emery, I., Karami, O., Sajedinia, E., Zhuang, Q., & Wang, M. Q. (2024). Biofuels induced land-use change emissions. Sustainability, 16(7), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072729
Taheripour, F., Mueller, S., Emery, I., Karami, O., Sajedinia, E., Zhuang, Q., & Wang, M. Q. (2024). Biofuels Induced Land Use Change Emissions: The Role of Implemented Land Use Emission Factors. Sustainability, 16(7), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072729
Taheripour, F., Mueller, S., Emery, I., Karami, O., Sajedinia, E., Zhuang, Q., & Wang, M. Q. (2024). Biofuels induced land-use change emissions. Sustainability, 16(7), 2729. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072729
Published
2026-02-23
How to Cite
Manikandan, H. S. (2026). A Comprehensive Bibliometric Mapping of Carbon-Footprint Calculators: Methods, Applications, and Methodological Fragmentation (2007–2025). International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 9(3), 245-271. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v9i3.3294
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Main Articles
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