Kenneth Kaunda’s Humanism in Contemporary Zambian Politics: Is It an Enduring Echo?

Abstract

This study explored the enduring influence of Kenneth Kaunda’s humanism on contemporary Zambian politics, investigating its relevance and impact in a post-colonial context. Kaunda’s humanism, rooted in values of dignity, unity, and social justice, served as a moral and ethical framework during his presidency. However, with Zambia’s transition to a multiparty democracy and the introduction of neoliberal economic policies, the practical application of these ideals has diminished. This study analyses existing literature, policy documents, and critical assessments through desk-based research to evaluate how much Kaunda’s humanist principles persist or have been eroded in contemporary governance. The findings show that while Kaunda’s values continue to serve as symbolic references in political rhetoric and education, there is a significant gap between the ideals of humanism and the practical governance observed today. Factors such as neoliberal reforms, corruption, and clientelism have contributed to the erosion of humanism, although some elements, such as the “One Zambia, One Nation” motto, continue to resonate. These findings have important policy implications, suggesting that reintegrating humanist principles into Zambia’s governance could foster more inclusive and equitable development. This study contributes to discussions on post-colonial governance and the role of ethical leadership in contemporary African politics.