A Qualitative Inquiry on the Active Mental Health Help-Seeking Behavior of Filipino Young Adults
Abstract
Mental health care is a basic necessity which directly influences a person’s quality of life. It also depends on the help-seeking behavior of an individual. Although awareness and services were continuously advocated, studies determining the direct impact and facilitative factors of active mental health help-seeking behavior among individuals from diverse cultural contexts is still limited. This study delved into the active mental health help-seeking behavior of eight (8) Filipino young adults who have undergone formal psychological services. Their lived experiences were captured with the use of a validated semi-structured interview tool and were analyzed with the use of an interpretative phenomenological analysis lens. Findings showed four superordinate themes: facilitative factors were identified through gaining self-discovery and acceptance; having a support system; finding the right therapist; and struggles outweighing mental health relevant to the socially rooted barriers and impose a challenge in the help-seeking of the selected participants via disbelief; stigma and complexity of treatment and financial burdens. These provide an overview of the psychological gains from an active help-seeking behavior and how one overcomes barriers to mental health in today’s generation. This research may serve as a basis in recommending a community-based mental health intervention that will focus on strengthening the coping resources of Filipinos in addressing their mental health concerns.
References
Alviar, S., & del Prado, A. (2022). “You should pray about it”: Exploring mental health and help-seeking in Filipino American Catholics. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 13(1), 97. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/aap0000266.
Angermeyer, M. C., Van Der Auwera, S., Carta, M. G., & Schomerus, G. (2017). Public attitudes towards psychiatry and psychiatric treatment at the beginning of the 21st century: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of population surveys. World Psychiatry, 16(1), 50-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20383.
Aruta, J. J. B. R., Maria, A., & Mascarenhas, J. (2023). Self-compassion promotes mental help-seeking in older, not in younger, counselors. Current psychology, 42(22), 18615-18625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03054-6.
Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry research, 287, 112934.
Chan, C. D., & Litam, S. D. A. (2021). Mental Health Equity of Filipino Communities in COVID-19: A Framework for Practice and Advocacy. Professional Counselor, 11(1), 73-85.
Chen, J. I., Romero, G. D., & Karver, M. S. (2016). The relationship of perceived campus culture to mental health help-seeking intentions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 63(6), 677.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches Fifth Edition. Sage Publications.
Gabriel, M. G. (2017). The role of culture in the help-seeking behaviors of Filipino Americans (Doctoral dissertation).
Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., & Brewer, J. L. (2012). A systematic review of help-seeking interventions for depression, anxiety and general psychological distress. BMC psychiatry, 12(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-81.
World Health Organization. (n.d.) Health and Well-Being. Retrieved December 21, 2023, from https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/major-themes/health-and-well-being.
Hechanova, M. R. M., & Regina, M. (2019). Development of community-based mental health interventions in the Philippines: an ecological perspective. Psychological Research on Urban Society, 2(1), 10-25. https://doi.org/10.7454/proust.v2i1.41.
Hunt, J., & Eisenberg, D. (2010). Mental Health Problems and Help-Seeking Behavior Among College Students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.08.
Kar, N., Kar, B., & Kar, S. (2021). Stress and coping during COVID-19 pandemic: Result of an online survey. Psychiatry research, 295, 113598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113598.
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P. A., Bruce, M. L., Koch, J. R., Laska, E. M., Leaf, P. J., & Wang, P. S. (2001). The prevalence and correlates of untreated serious mental illness. Health Services Research, 36(6 Pt 1), 987.
Lally, J., Tully, J., & Samaniego, R. (2019). Mental health services in the Philippines. BJPsych international, 16(3), 62-64. https://doi.org/10.1192/bji.2018.34.
Lingbaoan, J. (2023). Examining the relationships between causal beliefs, colonial mentality, treatment credibility, and help-seeking intentions among Filipinos (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia).
Lopez J. A. F. & Lopez, J.A. F (n.d.). Social Science Series#5: Mental health in developed vs developing countries. Jacinto Convit World Organization. Retrieved December 21, 2023, from https://www.jacintoconvit.org/social-science-series-5-mental-health-in-developed-vs-developing-countries/.
Martinez, A. B., Co, M., Lau, J., & Brown, J. S. (2020). Filipino help-seeking for mental health problems and associated barriers and facilitators: A systematic review. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 55, 1397-1413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01937-2.
Mojtabai, R., Evans-Lacko, S., Schomerus, G., & Thornicroft, G. (2016). Attitudes toward mental health help seeking as predictors of future help-seeking behavior and use of mental health treatments. Psychiatric Services, 67(6), 650-657.
Pietkiewicz, I., & Smith, J. A. (2014). A practical guide to using interpretative phenomenological analysis in qualitative research psychology. Psychological journal, 20(1), 7-14.
Pinggolio, J. P. R. V., & Mateo, N. J. (2018). Help-seeking behaviors of college students: A mixed methods study. Philippine Journal of Counseling Psychology, 20(1), 1-12.
Salaheddin, K., & Mason, B. (2016). Identifying barriers to mental health help-seeking among young adults in the UK: a cross-sectional survey. British Journal of General Practice, 66(651), e686-e692. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X687313.
Serrano, J. O., Reyes, M. E. S., & de Guzman, A. B. (2022). Psychological Distress and Coping of Filipino University Students amidst the Global Pandemic: A Mixed-Method Study. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 373-386.
Shi, W., Shen, Z., Wang, S., & Hall, B. J. (2020). Barriers to professional mental health help-seeking among Chinese adults: a systematic review. Frontiers in psychiatry, 11, 442. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00442.
Schnyder, N., Panczak, R., Groth, N., & Schultze-Lutter, F. (2017). Association between mental health-related stigma and active help-seeking: systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 210(4), 261-268. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.116.189464.
Tanaka, C., Tuliao, M. T. R., Tanaka, E., Yamashita, T., & Matsuo, H. (2018). A qualitative study on the stigma experienced by people with mental health problems and epilepsy in the Philippines. BMC Psychiatry, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-018-1902-9.
Tsang, Y. T., Franklin, M., Sala-Hamrick, K., Kohlberger, B., Simon, V. A., Partridge, T., & Barnett, D. (2020). Caregivers as gatekeepers: Professional mental health service use among urban minority adolescents. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000432.
Tuliao, A. P. (2014). Mental health help seeking among Filipinos: a review of the literature. Asia Pacific Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 5(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/21507686.2014.913641.
Tuliao, A. P., Velasquez, P. A. E., Bello, A. M., & Pinson, M. J. T. (2016). Intent to seek counseling among Filipinos: Examining loss of face and gender. The Counseling Psychologist, 44(3), 353-382.
Villamor, A. M. C., & Dy, M. F. R. (2022). Benefits Of and Barriers to Mental Health Help-Seeking Of Selected Filipino College Students. International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 7(4), 78-90.
Xu, Z., Huang, F., Kösters, M., Staiger, T., Becker, T., Thornicroft, G., & Rüsch, N. (2018). Effectiveness of interventions to promote help-seeking for mental health problems: systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological medicine, 48(16), 2658-2667.
Zorrilla, M. M., Modeste, N., Gleason, P. C., Sealy, D. A., Banta, J. E., & Trieu, S. L. (2019). Depression and help-seeking intention among young adults: The theory of planned behavior. American journal of health education, 50(4), 236-244.
Copyright (c) 2025 Camille Vidon De Leon

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright of their published work and grant the International Journal of Social Science Research and Review (IJSSRR) the right of first publication.
Articles published in IJSSRR are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.
Authors are permitted to share, archive, and distribute the published version of their work, provided that proper acknowledgement of the original publication in IJSSRR is given.