Legal Protection Through Diversion in Child Crimes Based on the Juvenile Justice System Law (SPPA Law)
Abstract
Child protection issues in Indonesia are regulated in the Law on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (SPPA Law). Legal protection efforts for children can be carried out through diversion. Diversion in its implementation is an action taken as a change from the process of resolving cases that occur to children to a settlement process outside the court. If a child commits a criminal offense before turning eighteen, and if the child is turned into the juvenile court after turning eighteen but before turning twenty-one, they are still turned over to the juvenile court. Article 20 of Law No. 11/2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (SPPA Law) states as much. This article's goal is to investigate how the Juvenile Justice System Law (SPPA Law) protects juvenile criminals legally through diversion. The primary and secondary legal resources served as the data sources for this normative legal study. Qualitative procedures argue that problems differ in their nature, this research approach is more likely to use in-depth analytical tools, specifically looking at problems based on legal protection. The research material collected will be examined in accordance with the relevant legal and regulatory framework by way of comparison with actual practice. The results state that the legal protection of children through diversion is related to the transfer of cases from the formal process to the informal process, or removing the perpetrator from the juvenile criminal justice system. Legal protection can be understood as efforts to enforce the law in support of children's various freedoms (including their basic rights and freedoms) and interests relating to their welfare. As such, all children are protected, including those involved in legal disputes (ABH).
References
Barda Nawawi Arief. (2018). Masalah Penegakan Hukum dan Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan (5 ed.). Jakarta :Kencana.
Sibuea, H. Y. P. (2023). Upaya Memperkuat Perlindungan Hak Anak yang Berkonflik dengan Hukum. Isu Sepekan Bidang Polhukam, Komisi III, 1–3. https://berkas.dpr.go.id/pusaka/files/isu_sepekan/Isu Sepekan---V-PUSLIT-Agustus-2023-215.pdf.
Journal Articles
Afdhaliyah, N., Ismansyah, & Sabri, F. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban Pencabulan Legal Protection on Children as Victims of Sexual Abuse. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 21(1), 112.
Agusnawan, A. F., Thalib, H., & Mappaselleng, N. F. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban Kejahatan Eksploitasi Secara Ekonomi. Journal of Lex Generalis(JLS),3(3),404–417.
Aksa Ansar, M., Thalib, H., & Ahmad, K. (2022). Efektivitas Penyidikan Terhadap Anak Pelaku Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Fisik: Studi Polres Pelabuhan Makassar. Journal of Lex Generalis (JLS), 3(8).
Alifiyah, R., & Anshori, I. (2023). Legal Protection for Children in Cases of Domestic Violence in the Indonesian Households. El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga, 6(2), 348. https://doi.org/10.22373/ujhk.v6i2.19153.
Alviolita, F. P., & Arief, B. N. (2019). Kebijakan Formulasi Tentang Perumusan Tindak Pidana Pencemaran Nama Baik Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Di Indonesia. Law Reform: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 15(1), 130–148. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v15i1.23359.
Diarsa, T., & Sarwirini. (2022). Menggali Hakikat dan Makna Pidana Peringatan sebagai Pidana Pokok dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Media Iuris, 5(3), 507–528. https://doi.org/10.20473/mi.v5i3.35865.
Garcia, V., Disemadi, H. S., & Arief, B. N. (2020). The Enforcement of Restorative Justice in Indonesia Criminal Law. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 28(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v28i1.10680.
Ghoni, M. R., & Pujiyono, P. (2020). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak yang Berhadapan dengan Hukum Melalui Implementasi Diversi di Indonesia. Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 2(3), 331–342. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v2i3.331-342.
Hanifah, L., & Ishaq, M. (2020). Legal Protection for Children: A Conceptual Paper. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 501(Icet), 231–235. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201204.043.
Hariyanto, D. R. S., & Swardhana, G. M. (2021). Optimalisasi Pelaksanaan Diversi Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak Yang Berorientasi Pada Restorative Justice Di Kota Denpasar. Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, 18(3), 394. https://doi.org/10.54629/jli.v18i3.787.
Irmawanti, N. D., & Arief, B. N. (2021). Urgensi Tujuan Dan Pedoman Pemidanaan Dalam Rangka Pembaharuan Sistem Pemidanaan Hukum Pidana. Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 3(2), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v3i2.217-227.
Munawar, A., Sudiyono, S., & Sugiyanto, M. D. (2023). Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana yang Dilakukan Anak Melalui Diversi Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Al-Adl : Jurnal Hukum, 15(2), 447. https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v15i2.8066.
Nazla, L. (2019). Implikasi Putusan Mk Nomor 68/Puu-XV/2017 Terhadap Jaksa Penuntut Umum Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Media Iuris, 2(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.20473/mi.v2i1.10884.
Ni Putu Rasningsih, I. M. D. P. (2022). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pekerja Anak di Pasar Umum Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli. Jurnal Thengkyang Fakultas Hukum, 7(1), 42–52.
Nova, E., & Afrizal, R. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak (Suatu Kajian Yuridis Normatif) Terhadap Implementasi Undang-Undang No 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Sistim Peradilan Pidana Anak di Sumatera Barat. UNES Journal of Swara Justisia, 6(4), 480. https://doi.org/10.31933/ujsj.v6i4.298.
Utari, I. S., Ramada, D. P., Arifin, R., & Smith, R. B. (2023). Legal Protection for Children as Victims of Economic Exploitation: Problems and Challenges in Three Major ASEAN Countries (Indonesia, Vietnam and Philippines). Lex Scientia Law Review, 7(2), 771–842. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v7i2.68301.
Yoserwan. “Penanganan Tindak Pidana Anak oleh Kepolisian melalui Diversi sebagai Perlindungan Hak Anak.” Jurnal Nagari Law Review 2, no. 2 (2019): 206.
Zakaria, C. A. F., Mahmud, A., & Mulyana, A. (2023). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak Korban Pelecehan Seksual dalam Perspektif Keadilan Restoratif. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 23(1), 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2023.V23.059-070.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s), with first publication rights granted to the journal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
