Centralized Wastewater Management in Kabul City, Afghanistan
Abstract
The aims of this study are to find the current sanitation process, segregation & locations of wastewater treatment plant in Kabul city. Most of resident’s use pit latrines, and store in septic tanks, discharge miscellaneous wastewater to streets or city drainage. Sewer lines and sewage treatment plants are operated generally, apartment complexes it is called Macrorayon, without any treatment discharge in Kabul River. The resident’s empty in vacant land, or in solid collection point. Distribution of on-site and sewerage systems of inhabited area. In Kabul 71.3% use vault/dry toilet, 1.3 sewerage systems of Macrorayan, and 27.4% septic tanks with pour flush toilet. 90% Kabul resident’s use from underground water without treatment, 70% of underground and surface water contaminate by wastewater. Hence, elevated concentrations of faecal bacteria and nutrients can be found in the shallow groundwater, Diarrhea 73% and typhoid/malaria 18% are the high percentage diseases, moreover 6 children died per hour and 62% residents were visiting doctor once a month. Only 23% resident’s access water supply. Water supply and centralized systems the best solutions in the mentioned city, for to develop appropriate three deferent locations for centralized wastewater treatment system by using secondary treatment for Kabul city. Safe and protects environment, health, and water quality.
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