Digital Administrative Communications Outside Official Working Hours and Job Burnout: The Mediating Role of Techno-Stress and the Moderating Role of Organizational Support
Keywords:
Digital administrative communication out of working hours, Job Burnout, Techno-Stress, Organization support
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the responses of the employees of Al-Musayyib Technical Institute/Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University on the effect of digital administrative communications outside working hours towards job burnout and the mediation role of technology stress variables and the moderating role of organizational support. Data collection was done by descriptive-analytical method with a total sample of 88 subjects. Linear regression and Process Macro analysis were conducted to analyze the data. Results indicated that the variables of digital administrative communications outside working hours and technology stress had a significant positive effect on the variable of job burnout, while technology stress had a positive effect on job burnout. The results also indicated that technology stress partially mediated the association between digital administrative communications outside of working hours and job burnout, but that organizational support did not moderate this relationship. The study suggests implementing organizational policies to reduce digital communications after work, increase organizational support, and decrease stressors of technology to reduce job burnout.
References
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Mazmanian, M., Orlikowski, W. J., & Yates, J. (2013). The autonomy paradox: The implications of mobile email devices for knowledge professionals. Organization science, 24(5), 1337-1357.
Mellner, C. (2016). After-hours availability expectations, work-related smartphone use during leisure, and psychological detachment: The moderating role of boundary control. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 9(2), 146-164.
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Widyawati, N. P. C., & Wibawa, I. M. A. (2026). Exploring The Dynamics Of Technostress, Perceived Organizational Support, And Work Engagement In Higher Education Institutions. International Journal Of Financial Economics, 2(7), 1203-1208.
Xie, J., Ma, H., Zhou, Z. E., & Tang, H. (2018). Work-related use of information and communication technologies after hours (W_ICTs) and emotional exhaustion: A mediated moderation model. Computers in Human Behavior, 79, 94-104.
Ali, A. S. (2026). Technostress and Coping in the Digital Workplace: A Systematic Review of Stress Creators, Coping Strategies, and Organizational Moderators. Policy Journal of Social Science Review, 4(3), 112-128.
Alkhayyal, S., & Bajaba, S. (2024). Countering technostress in virtual work environments: The role of work-based learning and digital leadership in enhancing employee well-being. Acta psychologica, 248, 104377.
Angelini, G. (2023). Big five model personality traits and job burnout: a systematic literature review. BMC psychology, 11(1), 49.
Atrian, A., & Ghobbeh, S. (2023). Technostress and job performance: Understanding the negative impacts and strategic responses in the workplace. arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.07072.
Ayyagari, R., Grover, V., & Purvis, R. (2011). Technostress: Technological Antecedents and Implications1. MIS quarterly, 35(4), 831-A10.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of occupational health psychology, 22(3), 273.
Barber, L. K., & Santuzzi, A. M. (2015). Please respond ASAP: workplace telepressure and employee recovery. Journal of occupational health psychology, 20(2), 172.
Baumeister, V. M., Kuen, L. P., Bruckes, M., & Schewe, G. (2021). The relationship of work-related ICT use with well-being, incorporating the role of resources and demands: A meta-analysis. Sage Open, 11(4), 21582440211061560.
Becker, W. J., Belkin, L., & Tuskey, S. (2018, July). Killing me softly: Electronic communications monitoring and employee and spouse well-being. In Academy of management proceedings (Vol. 2018, No. 1, p. 12574). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Caesens, G., Stinglhamber, F., Demoulin, S., & De Wilde, M. (2017). Perceived organizational support and employees’ well-being: The mediating role of organizational dehumanization. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(4), 527-540.
Chiang, N. T., Kao, R. H., Ma, H. Y., & Cho, C. C. (2025). The impact of after-hours messaging on job stress and burnout among Taiwan’s border police: the roles of social support and coping strategies. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 1-15.
Day, A., Paquet, S., Scott, N., & Hambley, L. (2012). Perceived information and communication technology (ICT) demands on employee outcomes: the moderating effect of organizational ICT support. Journal of occupational health psychology, 17(4), 473.
Derks, D., Van Mierlo, H., & Schmitz, E. B. (2014). A diary study on work-related smartphone use, psychological detachment and exhaustion: examining the role of the perceived segmentation norm. Journal of occupational health psychology, 19(1), 74.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied psychology, 71(3), 500.
Fenner, G. H., & Renn, R. W. (2010). Technology-assisted supplemental work and work-to-family conflict: The role of instrumentality beliefs, organizational expectations and time management. Human relations, 63(1), 63-82.
Fischer, T., & Riedl, R. (2017). Technostress research: a nurturing ground for measurement pluralism?. Communications of the Association for Information systems, 40(1), 17.
Fuglseth, A. M., & Sørebø, Ø. (2014). The effects of technostress within the context of employee use of ICT. Computers in human behavior, 40, 161-170.
Gadeyne, N., Verbruggen, M., Delanoeije, J., & De Cooman, R. (2017, May). All wired, all tired? Work-related ICT-use outside work hours and work-to-home conflict: the role of integration preference and culture. In Congress of the European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology (EAWOP), Date: 2017/05/17-2017/05/20, Location: Dublin (Ireland).
Han, S. J., Bonn, M. A., & Cho, M. (2016). The relationship between customer incivility, restaurant frontline service employee burnout and turnover intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 52, 97-106.
Hessari, H., Daneshmandi, F., & Nategh, T. (2023). Investigating the effect of technostress on the perceived organizational commitment by mediating role of individual innovation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.07806.
Jett, Q. R., & George, J. M. (2003). Work interrupted: A closer look at the role of interruptions in organizational life. Academy of management Review, 28(3), 494-507.
Khalequzzaman, M., Wang, S., Zhang, N., & Wang, L. (2025). Digital transformation stressors in banking: Technostress as a mediator and organizational support as a moderator of job performance. Acta Psychologica, 260, 105612.
Kim, K. H., & Chon, M. G. (2022). When work and life boundaries are blurred: the effect of after-hours work communication through communication technology on employee outcomes. Journal of Communication Management, 26(4), 386-400.
Kim, S., Ham, S., Kang, S. K., Choi, W. J., & Lee, W. (2024). Beyond working hours: the association between long working hours, the use of work-related communication devices outside regular working hours, and anxiety symptoms. Journal of Occupational Health, 66(1), uiad004.
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
Kristensen, T. S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E., & Christensen, K. B. (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work & stress, 19(3), 192-207.
Kubo, T., Izawa, S., Ikeda, H., Tsuchiya, M., Miki, K., & Takahashi, M. (2021). Work e-mail after hours and off-job duration and their association with psychological detachment, actigraphic sleep, and saliva cortisol: A 1-month observational study for information technology employees. Journal of occupational health, 63(1), e12300.
Kumar, P. S. (2024). Technostress: A comprehensive literature review on dimensions, impacts, and management strategies. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 16, 100475.
Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., & Adis, C. S. (2017). Perceived organizational support: A meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory. Journal of management, 43(6), 1854-1884.
La Torre, G., Esposito, A., Sciarra, I., & Chiappetta, M. (2019). Definition, symptoms and risk of techno-stress: a systematic review. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 92(1), 13-35.
Mazmanian, M., Orlikowski, W. J., & Yates, J. (2013). The autonomy paradox: The implications of mobile email devices for knowledge professionals. Organization science, 24(5), 1337-1357.
Mellner, C. (2016). After-hours availability expectations, work-related smartphone use during leisure, and psychological detachment: The moderating role of boundary control. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 9(2), 146-164.
Park, Y., Fritz, C., & Jex, S. M. (2011). Relationships between work-home segmentation and psychological detachment from work: the role of communication technology use at home. Journal of occupational health psychology, 16(4), 457.
Ragu-Nathan, T. S., Tarafdar, M., Ragu-Nathan, B. S., & Tu, Q. (2008). The consequences of technostress for end users in organizations: Conceptual development and empirical validation. Information systems research, 19(4), 417-433.
Rahmah, D. D. N., Prastika, N. D., & Wardhana, R. (2025). Organizational Supports and Technostress of Civil Servants: The Mediator Effects of TAM. Psyche 165 Journal, 246-254.
Reinke, K., & Gerlach, G. I. (2022). Linking availability expectations, bidirectional boundary management behavior and preferences, and employee well-being: An integrative study approach. Journal of Business and Psychology, 37(4), 695-715.
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: a review of the literature. Journal of applied psychology, 87(4), 698.
Santos, A., Roberto, M. S., Camilo, C., & Chambel, M. J. (2023). Information and communication technologies-assisted after-hours work: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the relationships with work–family/life management variables. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1101191.
Santuzzi, A. M., & Barber, L. K. (2018). Workplace telepressure and worker well-being: The intervening role of psychological detachment. Occupational Health Science, 2(4), 337-363.
Schlachter, S., McDowall, A., Cropley, M., & Inceoglu, I. (2018). Voluntary work‐related technology use during non‐work time: A narrative synthesis of empirical research and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 20(4), 825-846.
Solís, P., Lago-Urbano, R., & Real Castelao, S. (2023). Factors that impact the relationship between perceived organizational support and technostress in teachers. Behavioral Sciences, 13(5), 364.
Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. (2015). Recovery from job stress: The stressor‐detachment model as an integrative framework. Journal of organizational behavior, 36(S1), S72-S103.
Tarafdar, M., Cooper, C. L., & Stich, J. F. (2019). The technostress trifecta‐techno eustress, techno distress and design: Theoretical directions and an agenda for research. Information systems journal, 29(1), 6-42.
Tarafdar, M., Tu, Q., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Ragu-Nathan, B. S. (2011). Crossing to the dark side: examining antecedents and consequences of technostress. Communications of the ACM, 54(9), 113-120.
Vaziri, H., Casper, W. J., Wayne, J. H., & Matthews, R. A. (2020). Changes to the work–family interface during the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining predictors and implications using latent transition analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(10), 1073.
Walters, G., & Raybould, M. (2007). Burnout and perceived organisational support among front-line hospitality employees. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 14(2), 144-156.
Wang, H., Liu, P., Zhao, X., Li, A., & Xiao, C. (2022). Work-related use of information and communication technologies after hours (W_ICTs) and work-family conflict: a moderated mediation model. Sage Open, 12(3), 21582440221120169.
Wang, K., & Shu, Q. (2008, September). The moderating impact of perceived organizational support on the relationship between technostress and role stress. In 2008 19th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (pp. 420-424). IEEE.
Wang, K., Shu, Q., & Tu, Q. (2008). Technostress under different organizational environments: An empirical investigation. Computers in human behavior, 24(6), 3002-3013.
Wang, Q., & Wang, C. (2020). Reducing turnover intention: perceived organizational support for frontline employees. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 14(1), 6.
Ward, C. E., & Harunavamwe, M. (2025). The role of perceived organisational support on technostress and work–family conflict. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 51, 2218.
Widyawati, N. P. C., & Wibawa, I. M. A. (2026). Exploring The Dynamics Of Technostress, Perceived Organizational Support, And Work Engagement In Higher Education Institutions. International Journal Of Financial Economics, 2(7), 1203-1208.
Xie, J., Ma, H., Zhou, Z. E., & Tang, H. (2018). Work-related use of information and communication technologies after hours (W_ICTs) and emotional exhaustion: A mediated moderation model. Computers in Human Behavior, 79, 94-104.
Published
2026-09-04
How to Cite
Obaied, A. (2026). Digital Administrative Communications Outside Official Working Hours and Job Burnout: The Mediating Role of Techno-Stress and the Moderating Role of Organizational Support. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 9(9), 148-164. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v9i9.3535
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